How to install MariaDB on CentOS 9 Stream

Introduction

MariaDB is an open-source relational database management system (DBMS) that is a compatible drop-in replacement for the widely used MySQL database technology. MariaDB is based on SQL and supports ACID-style data processing with guaranteed atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability for transactions.

In this article, we will show you how to install MariaDB on a CentOS 9 stream server/VPS instance.

Prerequisite: 

• An active KVM VPS
• root user

Install MariaDB 

To install the MariaDB server, you need to create a MariaDB repository configuration file mariadb.repo manually with this path ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/’

To create a MariaDB repository file, you can use the following command,

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo

The above command will create a new repository file, Once it is created, you need to add the following configurations in that file,

# MariaDB 10.11 RedHatEnterpriseLinux repository list 
# https://mariadb.org/download/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
# rpm.mariadb.org is a dynamic mirror if your preferred mirror goes offline. See https://mariadb.org/mirrorbits/ for details.
# baseurl = https://rpm.mariadb.org/10.11/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
baseurl = https://mirror.23m.com/mariadb/yum/10.11/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
# gpgkey = https://rpm.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgkey = https://mirror.23m.com/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck = 1

Save and exit file.

Installing MariaDB Server

dnf install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

You will be presented with a series of prompts. Here’s what you’ll be asked and how to respond:

Install  78 Packages

Total download size: 39 M
Installed size: 265 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y

Total                                                                                   6.5 MB/s |  39 MB     00:06
MariaDB                                                                                  17 kB/s |  15 kB     00:00
Importing GPG key 0x1BB943DB:
 Userid     : "MariaDB Package Signing Key <[email protected]>"
 Fingerprint: 1993 69E5 404B D5FC 7D2F E43B CBCB 082A 1BB9 43DB
 From       : https://mirror.23m.com/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Importing GPG key 0xC74CD1D8:
 Userid     : "MariaDB Signing Key <[email protected]>"
 Fingerprint: 177F 4010 FE56 CA33 3630 0305 F165 6F24 C74C D1D8
 From       : https://mirror.23m.com/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
Is this ok [y/N]: y

Once the installation is complete, you can verify the version of the MariaDB server by using the following command:

mysql -V

Output:

Now, enable MariaDB (to start automatically upon system boot), start the MariaDB and verify the status using the commands below

systemctl enable mariadb

systemctl start mariadb

systemctl status mariadb

Output:

Secure your MariaDB server

You can secure your MariaDB installation by following these steps

Start the MariaDB shell:

mysql

Change the root user’s password:

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_new_password';

Replace ‘your_new_password’ with the password you want to set for the root user.

Remove anonymous users:

DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';

Disallow remote root login. This ensures that the root user can only log in from the localhost:

DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host NOT IN ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1');

Remove the test database:

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;

Reload the privileges to apply the changes:

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Exit the MariaDB shell:

EXIT;

Access MariaDB server

To login to the MariaDB server, enter the following command with the password that was set previously,

mysql -u root -p

Output:

Creating a new database and new user with a password

Let’s create a new database with a custom user and password.

First, log in as root user, then type the following commands:

mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE greencloud;

CREATE user green;

GRANT ALL ON greencloud.* TO green@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

exit

That’s it! Enjoy GreenCloudVPS services!